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J,.H.DAL E. STEAM GENERATING APPARATUS.

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. STEAM GENERATING APPARATUS. No. 294,119. Patented Feb. 26, 1884.

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STEAM GENERATING APPARATUS.

1%.; 294,119. Patent-ed Feb. 26, 1884.

Nrrnn STATES PATENT J H. DALE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOROF TlVO- THIRDS TO ABRAHAM S. JENKS, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAMAGENERATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,119, dated February26, 1884.

Application filedMarch 16,1882. (NomodcL) To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN H. DALE, of the city and county ofPhiladelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Stean1-Generating Apparatus, of whichimprovements the following is a specification, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, which form part hereof, and in which- Figure1 is a rear elevation of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section on the line A A of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan or topview of the apparatus.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, through one ofthe generators, (a middle section being broken out to save space in thedrawings) and showing in elevation the feedpipes, (and attachments,)which also have sections broken out to save space. Fig. 5 is atransverse section at the line B B of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a transversesection at the line C O of Fig. '4, showing also the connection betweenthe feed-supply and the generator; and Fig. 7 is a perspective view ofthe triple coil hereinafter described.

My invention relates to the class of instantaneous or injection steamgenera-tors de scribed and. shown in Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, granted to John Ever-ding and Abraham S. Jenks, numbered anddated, respectively, 213,556,. March 25, 1879, 220,712, October 21,1879, and 229,984, July 13, 1880; and it consists in certainimprovements upon such stearngenerators, as hereinafter specified, itbeing the object of my invention to simplify the construction of suchapparatus, to enhance the efliciency of its operation and the facilitiesfor controlling it, and to prevent its rapid deterioration from theaction of the fractory material, 13 B and the furnace and theash-pithave doors for the supply of fuel and the removal of ashes, Figs.1 and 2. A smoke-stack is to be fitted in the domed top of the casing.

The generating-chambers or generators D are placed across the furnaceside by side, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, their front ends beingsupported on the lining and their rear ends being supported in thecasing, through which these ends project. In the drawings I have shown aseries of six generators-thus placed, each of them being constructed asshown in detail in Fig. 4t--that is to say, my

improved generating-chamber or generator D,

Fig. 4, consists of 'a strong metal cylinder of sufficient length tooccupy the position shown in Fig. 2, and of the proper diameter for theamount of steam to be made in it, the thlckness of the metal being alsoproportioned to the pressure that the cylinder is liable to be subjectedto. The best double extra heavy, lap-welded, hydraulic tubing answersvery well for these generators, the ends being closed by plugs weldedinto them. Through the upper side, at the forward end of this generatorD, I drill a vertical hole, in which I fit a hollow plug, N, throughwhich the water 1s mjectcd into the generator through a lateral opening,P, Figs. 4 and 5, or directly through the plug. Through the lower sideof the rear end of the generator I drill a horizontal hole, in which Ifit a pct-cock, o. I Above the generator andparallel therewith I place ahorizontal pipe, D, of small diameter, supporting this feed-pipe at therear end in the casing and fitting its forward end in the hollow plug Nat the forward end of the generator. The rear end of this pipe Dprojects through the casing a sufficient distance to be fitted with astop-valve, G, for regulating the flow of water through the feedpipe D.Thls valve forms a connection between the feedpipe D and a pipe, 2',which extends downward to .a tank or other water-supply, and a similarconnection is made between each of I the generators D and thewater-supply, these connections tbeing independent of each other andradiating from the water-supply to the generators severally, as seen inFig. 1. constituting what I have designated as my distributing-manifold,and marked J in the drawings. Each of the generators is provided with apetcock, to show how much water is passing to the generator. Thisdistributing-manifold J is connected through the pipe J with a pump,which forces up the water supply, and I also provide a blow-off cock, K,Fig. 1, through which I can drain out the generators and the coil. Intothe outer endof each of the gerierators D, I securelyinsert the lowerend of an elbow-joint, F, Figs. i and 6, the other end of this elbowbeing fitted properly into a strong pipe, E, which extends across thefurnace at right' angles to the line of generators, (so that this pipe Ereceives the steam from each of the generators through this con nectionF, Fig. 6,) and the pipe E extends so much farther than the generatorsas is neces sary for the connection of one end of it by an elbow-joint,F, Figs. 2 and 3, with the lower end, L, of the coiled steampipe, thediameter of the pipe E being properly the same as that of the coiledsteanrpipe, Figs. 1, 2, and 3. Upon the opposite end of the pipe E, Iattach a blow-off cock, H, through which the. contents of the steam-coilcan be blown off in a few seconds, thoroughly'cleaning the coil andfreeing it from all accretions of foreign matters. This pipe E, with theabovedescribed adjuncts, constitutes what I have designated.

as my collecting-manifold." In the drawings I have shown this pipe E asmade up of short joints connected by sleeves; but in practice Icontemplate making it of a single length of strong lap-welded hydraulictubing, or of copper pipe of suitable strength and weight.

The superheating steam-coil Lis also properly to be made of lap-weldedhydraulic tub- -upon itself, as seen in Figs. 2 and 3, which gives agood length, as I have found in praetice. One end of this continuoustriple coil is then carried up through the dome of the casing andconnected with the pipe that leads to the engine. The other end of thecontinuous coil L being connected with the collectinginanifold E, asalready described, it will be seen that I have a free course for thesteam from the manifold E outside of the casing through the triple coilin the steam-chamber to the engine.

As this completes the apparatus, we may now follow its operation, whichis as follows: A fire being started in the furnace, a small quantity ofwater is forced by the pressure from the tank into thedistributing-manifold J, and into the pipes D, and injected through thehollow plugs N, into the forward ends of the respective generators D. Assoon as the heat is sufficient to form steam, the. pump is startedslowly, so as to establish the feed-sup ply through thedistributing-manifold. The feed-pipes D will meanwhile have becomeheated up, and the feed-supply passing across the furnace through thesepipes will behot when injected through the plug N into the front ends ofthe generators. These generators being now also heated, the injectedfeedwater will rapidly be converted into steam, and the pressure of thissteam will increase .with its volume and with the heat of theforward'part of the generator, so that its tendency toward the outletinto the collectingmanifold E (shown in Fig. 6) will be increased ateach moment, and after reaching the manifold the movement of the steamtoward the coil will receive a fresh impulse from the increasing supplycoming from the several generators and from the accession of heat, andthe coil itself having meanwhile been heated up, the steam will, by thetime it has traversed the entire length of the triple coil, beexceedingly dry and of very high temperature, so that it will issue fromthe coil under great pressure.

To insure a better distribution of the heat about the coil-pipe, Isecure a deflecting-plate, R, Figs. 2 and 3, beneath the open center ofthe coil, and thus counteract the tendency of the heat toward this openspace, and'prevent the inner coil from being unduly heated, as well asinsure a uniform diffusion of the heat about all the coils. If it befound that any one of the generators is overheated, thus indicat ingsome deficiency in the supply of water thereto, such deficiency canreadily be sup-' plied by partially opening the valve G of theobstructed generator and partially closing the corresponding valves ofthe others, thereby in creasing the supply to the former and diminishingthe supply to the others. Once thus adjusted, the supply will continueas regulated until some new obstruction again impedes it.

In the foregoing description I have given the best form of the apparatusas I have it in practice, and have only to add that I contemplate makingthe generators of copper, which can be cast with closed ends, and thecoil also of drawn copper; or I may make both the generators and thecoil of seamless drawn steel pipes or tubes.

I also contemplate introducing the jet of feed-water through the forwardend of the gen erator, instead of through the top, as shown in thedrawings, it only being necessary for this purpose to carry thefeed-pipe D past the forward end of the tube D and downward far enoughto fit into a hollow plug inserted horizontally through this end of thegenerator. I have sometimes found that under exceptional conditions thefeed-pipes D become so highly heated that the small quantity of waterflowing through them is converted into steam before it reachesthe plugN. To correct this it is only necessary to slip over the pipe D anotherpipe IIO of so much larger size as to leave a small annular space aroundthe feed-pipe,-which will by this means be kept at a temperature such aswill not generate steam therein.

I also contemplate changing the positions of the distributing andcollecting manifolds that is to say, I may place thedistributing-manifold at the front of the casing and thecollecting-manifold at the opposite side; but as this change wouldmerely demand a corresponding change in the relative arrangement of thedetails, I need not describe it more particularly than to say that inall cases the feed-water is to be injected atone end and the steam to betake out at the end opposite to that at which the water is injected, asalready described, and in order to retain the advantages of this systemalready mentioned.

I contemplate also using, instead of a single continuous coil, as shownin Figs. 1, 2, a multiple coil, such as is shown in Fig. 7 of thedrawings. In this case each of the coils O C O is separate, and each hasan independent receiving connection with the manifold E and anindependent discharging-connection with the pipe M. The coils arein'this case wound separately on mandrels, and are fitted one intoanother, as shown in this figure.- The lower end of each coil is carrieddown and connected with the collecting-manifold E, which receives thesteam from the generators through one end, as shown at c, Fig. 7 Theupper end of each coil is carried up and connected with a secondcollecting-manifold, E, from which the pipe M delivers the steam to theconduit-pipe leading to the engine. This second manifold is closed atboth ends, and only has the three connections with the coilsrespectively, and those, being in the upper part of the casing, will notbe subjected to any destructive temperature. The operation is simplymodified, in that the steam will pass from the lowercollecting-manifold, which thus becomes also a steam-distributer,througheach of the coils separately, and issues in a separate current from eachof the coils into the upper manifold, E, where these several currentswill unite and pass off through the pipe M. The advantage of thisarrangement is chiefly that by having separate coils instead of acontinuous coil, one coil can be removed and replaced without removingthe entire nest, and, further, the number of coils can be greater thanwould be practicable where one continuous coil is used, and a greatercapacity can thus be obtained in the apparatus. It is obvious that inthis arrangement the upper ends of the coil may be connected with theends of the upper manifold; or this upper manifold may be substituted bya hood-connection of the ends of the coils directly with the exit-pipeM.

Having thus described the nature and ob j ects of my invention, what Iclaim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of thefurnace, the water-distributing manifold, the series of feed-pipesconnected therewith, the generators extending transversely through thefurnace, each connected with its respective feed-pipe and interposedbetween it and the furnace, the steamoutlets at the opposite end of eachgenerator from its feed-inlet, and the steam-collecting manifold, withwhich all the generators are connected.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of thefurnace, the water-dis tributing manifold, the feed-pipes connectedtherewith, extending transversely through the furnace, the generators,each connected with its respective feed-pipe and interposed between itand the furnace, the steam-outlets at the opposite end of each generatorfrom its feed-inlet, the steam-collecting manifold,with which all thegenerators are connected, and the continuous superlieatiiigcoil, throughwhich the products of combustion pass from around the generatorsinterposed between the furnace and the superheating-coil.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of thefurnace, the water-distributing manifold, the feed-pipes, the generatorsconnected therewith, the steam-collecting manifold, thesuperheating-coil, and the deflector interposed between the centralopening of the coil and the generators to diffuse the heat among thecoils.

4.. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of thefurnace, the water-distributing manifold, the feed-pipes, thegenerators, the lower steam-collecting manifold, E,

the series of independent concentric or multiple snperheating-coilsconnected therewith,

and the upper collecting'manifold, E, with which all-thesuperheatingcoils are connected.

JOHA H. DALE.

Vitnesses:

J. WALTER DOUGLASS, GEO. J5. FINDLAY

